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    • Collection identifier: 2018-24
    • Primary contributors: Durga Bahadur Kumal (consultant); Martha Schwarz (researcher, donor)
    • Additional contributors: Sarita Kumal (consultant); Shiva Kumari Kumal (consultant)
    • Language: Kumal (kra)
    • Dates: 2018-
    • Historical information: Kumal is an Indo-Aryan language spoken by approximately 13,000 speakers spread widely across many districts of Nepal. The data in this collection represents the variety as spoken in the Gorkha district. The materials were all collected in the village of 9 Kilo, in the Gorkha district of Nepal beginning in July 2018 by Martha Schwarz. Speakers of Kumal in 9 Kilo (and reportedly everywhere else as well) are bilingual in Nepali, the lingua franca of the country. In 9 Kilo, Kumal is spoken only by the older generation, while the younger generations speak Nepali and some learn English in school.
      This fieldwork was funded through an Oswalt Endangered Language Grant (Berkeley).
    • Scope and content: Materials include sound recordings and field notes. Each file bundle contains the scanned field notes and corresponding audio recordings (when available) from one day, and is labeled as either grammatical elicitation, phonetic elicitation, or narrative elicitation. Further information about the content of the notes and elicitation session is described in the Description field. Elicitation in the recordings is conducted in Nepali and Kumal, examples in the field notes are translated into either English or Nepali.
    • Repository: Survey of California and Other Indian Languages
    • Suggested citation: Durga Bahadur Kumal and Martha Schwarz. Kumal Field Materials, 2018-24, California Language Archive, Survey of California and Other Indian Languages, University of California, Berkeley, http://dx.doi.org/doi:10.7297/X2T151VV.

 Results 1 – 11

    • Item identifier: 2018-24.004
    • Date: 13 Jul 2018
    • Contributors: Durga Bahadur Kumal (consultant); Martha Schwarz (researcher, donor)
    • Language: Kumal (kra)
    • Place: 9 Kilo, Gorkha, Nepal
    • Description: One .pdf file. Syntactic elicitation focusing on "needing" constructions with dative subjects and some embedded clauses.
    • Availability: Online access
    • Collection: Kumal Field Materials
    • Repository: Survey of California and Other Indian Languages
    • Suggested citation: Grammatical elicitation: dative subjects, non-finite clauses, 2018-24.004, in "Kumal Field Materials", California Language Archive, Survey of California and Other Indian Languages, University of California, Berkeley, http://cla.berkeley.edu/item/25895.
    • Item identifier: 2018-24.008
    • Date: 17 Jul 2018
    • Contributors: Sarita Kumal (consultant); Martha Schwarz (researcher, donor)
    • Language: Kumal (kra)
    • Place: 9 Kilo, Gorkha, Nepal
    • Description: One .pdf file. Grammatical elicitation of various sentence types including dative subjects, allocutive agreement, and more.
    • Relations to this item: 2018-24.005 references this Item
    • Availability: Online access
    • Collection: Kumal Field Materials
    • Repository: Survey of California and Other Indian Languages
    • Suggested citation: Grammatical elicitation: misc, allocutive agreement, 2018-24.008, in "Kumal Field Materials", California Language Archive, Survey of California and Other Indian Languages, University of California, Berkeley, http://cla.berkeley.edu/item/25899.
    • Item identifier: 2018-24.003
    • Date: 12 Jul 2018
    • Contributors: Durga Bahadur Kumal (consultant); Martha Schwarz (researcher, donor)
    • Language: Kumal (kra)
    • Place: 9 Kilo, Gorkha, Nepal
    • Description: One .pdf file. Syntactic elicitation focusing on sentences with dative subjects about liking, their agreement, and "need to" constructions.
    • Availability: Online access
    • Collection: Kumal Field Materials
    • Repository: Survey of California and Other Indian Languages
    • Suggested citation: Grammatical elicitation: necessity, dative subjects and agreement, 2018-24.003, in "Kumal Field Materials", California Language Archive, Survey of California and Other Indian Languages, University of California, Berkeley, http://cla.berkeley.edu/item/25894.
    • Item identifier: 2018-24.007
    • Date: 17 Jul 2018
    • Contributors: Durga Bahadur Kumal (consultant); Martha Schwarz (researcher, donor)
    • Language: Kumal (kra)
    • Place: 9 Kilo, Gorkha, Nepal
    • Description: One .pdf and two .wav files. Grammatical elicitation focused on negative verb paradigm, possession, and predicative constructions. Sound file "kumal_dbk_20180717_mrs_elicit_1.wav" begins with additions to the chart on p.34 in the July 14th notes file bundle. The part of the "kumal_dbk_20180717_mrs_elicit_1.wav" recording corresponding to p.19-20 of the July 17th note file begins at approximately 22:00. "kumal_dbk_20180717_mrs_elicit_2.wav" corresponds to p.23-26 of the July 17th notes file.
    • Relations to this item: 2018-24.005 is referenced by this Item
    • Availability: Online access
    • Collection: Kumal Field Materials
    • Repository: Survey of California and Other Indian Languages
    • Suggested citation: Grammatical elicitation: negative paradigm, predicative constructions, possession, 2018-24.007, in "Kumal Field Materials", California Language Archive, Survey of California and Other Indian Languages, University of California, Berkeley, http://cla.berkeley.edu/item/25898.
    • Item identifier: 2018-24.005
    • Date: 14 Jul 2018 to 15 Jul 2018
    • Contributors: Durga Bahadur Kumal (consultant); Shiva Kumari Kumal (consultant); Martha Schwarz (researcher, donor)
    • Language: Kumal (kra)
    • Place: 9 Kilo, Gorkha, Nepal
    • Description: Two .pdf files and one .wav file. Grammatical elicitation focusing on sentences with genitive arguments, "needing", and possession. Includes a paradigm of "X needs Y", and paradigm of possession (e.g. "I have a brother", "you have a brother", "I have a grandfather", etc. Sound file "kumal_dbk_20180714_mrs_elicit.wav" includes elicitation of the data for the chart on p.34 of the notes file in this bundle. See also July 16th and July 17th file bundles for recordings of further elicitation for this chart.
    • Relations to this item: 2018-24.006 and 2018-24.007 reference this Item; 2018-24.006 and 2018-24.008 are referenced by this Item
    • Availability: Online access
    • Collection: Kumal Field Materials
    • Repository: Survey of California and Other Indian Languages
    • Suggested citation: Grammatical elicitation: possession, "needing" constructions, 2018-24.005, in "Kumal Field Materials", California Language Archive, Survey of California and Other Indian Languages, University of California, Berkeley, http://cla.berkeley.edu/item/25896.
    • Item identifier: 2018-24.006
    • Date: 16 Jul 2018
    • Contributors: Durga Bahadur Kumal (consultant); Martha Schwarz (researcher, donor)
    • Language: Kumal (kra)
    • Place: 9 Kilo, Gorkha, Nepal
    • Description: One .pdf and .wav file. Grammatical elicitation focusing on possible agreement morphology with dative subject sentences (feelings, needing, including allocutive agreement. Some possession as well. Beginning at 13:30, the sound file associated with the bundle corresponds to the chart on p.34 of the notes in the July 14th file bundle.
    • Relations to this item: 2018-24.005 references this Item; 2018-24.005 is referenced by this Item
    • Availability: Online access
    • Collection: Kumal Field Materials
    • Repository: Survey of California and Other Indian Languages
    • Suggested citation: Grammatical elicitation: possession, dative subject constructions, agreement, 2018-24.006, in "Kumal Field Materials", California Language Archive, Survey of California and Other Indian Languages, University of California, Berkeley, http://cla.berkeley.edu/item/25897.
    • Item identifier: 2018-24.002
    • Date: 11 Jul 2018
    • Contributors: Durga Bahadur Kumal (consultant); Martha Schwarz (researcher, donor)
    • Language: Kumal (kra)
    • Place: 9 Kilo, Gorkha, Nepal
    • Description: One .pdf file. Grammatical elicitation of verbal paradigms in several tense/aspects. Includes testing for ergative marking on subjects.
    • Availability: Online access
    • Collection: Kumal Field Materials
    • Repository: Survey of California and Other Indian Languages
    • Suggested citation: Grammatical elicitation: verb paradigms, 2018-24.002, in "Kumal Field Materials", California Language Archive, Survey of California and Other Indian Languages, University of California, Berkeley, http://cla.berkeley.edu/item/25893.
    • Item identifier: 2018-24.001
    • Date: 10 Jul 2018
    • Contributors: Durga Bahadur Kumal (consultant); Martha Schwarz (researcher, donor)
    • Language: Kumal (kra)
    • Place: 9 Kilo, Gorkha, Nepal
    • Description: One .pdf file. Grammatical elicitation focused on verb paradigms including transitive and intransitive verbs in various tense/aspects.
    • Availability: Online access
    • Collection: Kumal Field Materials
    • Repository: Survey of California and Other Indian Languages
    • Suggested citation: Grammatical elicitation: verb paradigms, 2018-24.001, in "Kumal Field Materials", California Language Archive, Survey of California and Other Indian Languages, University of California, Berkeley, http://cla.berkeley.edu/item/25518.
    • Item identifier: 2018-24.009
    • Date: 18 Jul 2018
    • Contributors: Durga Bahadur Kumal (consultant); Martha Schwarz (researcher, donor)
    • Language: Kumal (kra)
    • Place: 9 Kilo, Gorkha, Nepal
    • Description: One .pdf and two .wav files. Grammatical elicitation focused on figuring out the distribution of ergative case marking on subjects, some possessive constructions, some allocutive agreement tests.
    • Availability: Online access
    • Collection: Kumal Field Materials
    • Repository: Survey of California and Other Indian Languages
    • Suggested citation: Grammatical elicitation: verb paradigms, case and agreement, 2018-24.009, in "Kumal Field Materials", California Language Archive, Survey of California and Other Indian Languages, University of California, Berkeley, http://cla.berkeley.edu/item/25900.
    • Item identifier: 2018-24.011
    • Date: Jul 2018
    • Contributors: Durga Bahadur Kumal (consultant); Martha Schwarz (researcher, donor)
    • Language: Kumal (kra)
    • Place: 9 Kilo, Gorkha, Nepal
    • Description: Two .wav files. Two versions of the Frog Story, elicited from a wordless picture book.
    • Availability: Online access
    • Collection: Kumal Field Materials
    • Repository: Survey of California and Other Indian Languages
    • Suggested citation: Narrative elicitation: Frog Story, 2018-24.011, in "Kumal Field Materials", California Language Archive, Survey of California and Other Indian Languages, University of California, Berkeley, http://cla.berkeley.edu/item/25902.
    • Item identifier: 2018-24.010
    • Date: 19 Jul 2018
    • Contributors: Durga Bahadur Kumal (consultant); Martha Schwarz (researcher, donor)
    • Language: Kumal (kra)
    • Place: 9 Kilo, Gorkha, Nepal
    • Description: One .pdf and .wav file. Phonetic elicitation of various consonants in a word list and in phrases, recorded with a head-worn microphone.
    • Availability: Online access
    • Collection: Kumal Field Materials
    • Repository: Survey of California and Other Indian Languages
    • Suggested citation: Phonetic elicitation: word list of word-initial consonants, 2018-24.010, in "Kumal Field Materials", California Language Archive, Survey of California and Other Indian Languages, University of California, Berkeley, http://cla.berkeley.edu/item/25901.