Extent: 11.91 linear feet (24 boxes, 2 binders, and 1 envelope)
Historical information: As a graduate student in anthropology at the University of California, Berkeley and the University of Chicago, Abraham M. Halpern (1914-1985) conducted field research on Quechan (Yuma) (1935 and 1938) and Pomoan languages (1936 and 1939-1940). He was an instructor and professor of linguistics at the University of Chicago from 1941-1946, where he was awarded a Ph.D. in anthropology in 1947. Following the Second World War, Halpern embarked on a second career as a political scientist specializing in the East Asian region. He returned to the study of American Indian languages in 1977, working as a research associate in linguistics at the University of California, San Diego from 1977 until his death in 1985, during which period he conducted additional field research with speakers of Pomoan languages .
Scope and content: Most of the material in this collection documents Halpern's ethnographic and linguistic field research on Pomoan languages; also included are ethnographic and linguistic materials related to his work on Patwin and Quechan (Yuma). The Pomoan material includes original notebooks from field trips conducted in 1936, 1939-1940, and the early 1980s, plus derived materials such as vocabulary file slips, manuscript articles, text transcriptions, and geneologies. Halpern's language consultants included the following people: Steve Parrish, Jenny Pike, and Esther Ward (Central Pomo); Joe Augustine (Eastern Pomo); Mary James and Julia Marrufo (Kashaya); Santiago McDaniel (Northeastern Pomo); Lowe Anderson, Edna Campbell, Nancy McCoy, and Mack Williams (Northern Pomo); John Kelsey, Effie Kelsey, Thomas Leon, George Patch, and Clifford Salvador (Southeastern Pomo); Elsie Allen and Annie Burke (Southern Pomo); Daisy Lowell Lorenzo (Hill Patwin).
Repository: Survey of California and Other Indian Languages
Preferred citation: Elsie Allen, Joe Augustine, Annie Burke, Edna Campbell, Grant Jake, John Kelsey, Nancy McCoy, Santiago McDaniel, Steve Parrish, George Patch, Jenny Pike, Clifford Salvador, Esther Ward, Mack Williams, and Abraham M. Halpern. Abraham M. Halpern Papers on Pomoan Languages, Halpern, Survey of California and Other Indian Languages, University of California, Berkeley, http://dx.doi.org/doi:10.7297/X2WS8R5X.
Associated materials: Audio recordings associated with the Papers are in the Berkeley Language Center, Berkeley, California (LA 202, LA 203, LA 204, LA 250). Other collections of materials related to Halpern's Pomoan, Yuman, and Wintuan research are held by the Bancroft Library (Berkeley, California) and the American Philosophical Society (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania).
Historical information: These recordings were produced by students of the field methods course in the Department of Linguistics at UC Berkeley between September 1989 and April 1990. The course was taught by Professor Leanne Hinton and the language consultant was Milton "Bun" Lucas. All other listed contributors were either students in the class, or guest researchers.
Scope and content: This collection consists of 32 digitized audio recordings that derive from elicitation sessions conducted during class meetings held throughout the course of the academic year.
Repository: Survey of California and Other Indian Languages
Preferred citation: Milton "Bun" Lucas, Eugene Buckley, David Gamon, Kira Hall, Leanne Hinton, and Robert L. Oswalt. Berkeley Field Methods: Kashaya Sound Recordings, 2014-17, Survey of California and Other Indian Languages, University of California, Berkeley, http://dx.doi.org/doi:10.7297/X23X84VP.
Historical information: Eero Vihman (1927-2000) was a linguist who specialized in the study of Pomoan languages. He left his native Estonia in 1944, arriving in the United States in 1952. In 1964 he joined the graduate program in linguistics at the University of California, Berkeley, conducting fieldwork on Northern and Central Pomo in 1966-1967.
Scope and content: The Papers document Vihman's research on Pomoan languages from the mid-1960s to the mid-1970s, notably field notes from his 1966-1967 work on Northern Pomo. His main Northern Pomo consultants were Annie Lake and Edna Guerrero, with some additional material provided by Angelina Campbell; he also collected Central Pomo material from Frances Jack. Also included in the collection are Vihman's comparative notes on other Pomoan languages compiled from a variety of sources, and several draft chapters of a grammar of Northern Pomo.
Repository: Survey of California and Other Indian Languages
Preferred citation: Edna Guerrero, Annie Lake, and Eero Vihman. Eero Vihman Papers on the Northern Pomo Language, Vihman, Survey of California and Other Indian Languages, University of California, Berkeley, http://dx.doi.org/doi:10.7297/X26W9803.
Associated materials: Audio recordings associated with the Papers are in the Berkeley Language Center, Berkeley, California (LA 25). Some materials are copies of notebooks included in the Abraham M. Halpern Papers on Pomoan Languages (MSS Halpern).
Historical information: Robert Louis Oswalt, Pomoan language scholar, received his Ph.D. from the University of California, Berkeley in 1964. His fieldwork on Kashaya (Southwestern Pomo) began in 1957 and led to his dissertation, A Kashaya Grammar, and the publication of the book Kashaya Texts in 1964. Dr. Oswalt continued to work on Pomoan languages until 2005, conducting fieldwork on Kashaya, Southern Pomo, Northeastern Pomo, Northern Pomo, and Central Pomo and exploring the historical relationships within the Pomoan family. The Kashaya and Southern Pomo dictionaries that Dr. Oswalt compiled during his decades of fieldwork on those languages were never published.
Scope and content: These Papers document the linguistic work of Robert Oswalt, including his fieldwork on Pomoan languages and Yuki, Kru-Gbato, Aleut, and Bribri, his research on historical linguistics and other linguistic topics, and his professional activities. The papers include field notebooks containing vocabulary and elicited sentences for Kashaya, Southern Pomo, Northeastern Pomo, Northern Pomo and Central Pomo, with additional longer texts in Kashaya and Southern Pomo, vocabulary file slips for Kashaya, Southern Pomo, and Central Pomo, as well as notes on grammar and Pomoan cognates. His primary consultants for Kashaya were Essie Parrish and Bernice Scott Torrez, and his Kashaya consultants also included David Antone, Violet Parrish Chappelle, Gladys James Gonzales, Allen James, Herman James, Mary James, Milton (Bun) Lucas, Vana Lawson, Kate Marando, Julia Pinola Marrufo, Sidney Parrish, Laura Fish Somersall, and Vivian Wilder. His primary consultants for Southern Pomo were Elsie Allen and Elizabeth Dollar and his Southern Pomo consultants also included Olive Fulwilder Effie Mabel Luff, Lucy Andrews Macy, and Laura Fish Somersall. His Northeastern Pomo consultants included Oscar McDaniel and Sharky Moore, his Northern Pomo consultants included Annie Lake and Edna Guerrero, and his Central Pomo consultants included Salome Bartlett Alcantra, Frank Luff, and Clara Williams. He conducted Aleut fieldwork with consultant Kathryn Seller and Bribri fieldwork with consultant Guillermina Nelson-Rodrigues. His consultants for Yuki included Arthur Anderson and Bill Frank. The Papers include oral histories collected from linguist Abraham Halpern and Pomoan language consultants Essie Parrish, Elizabeth Dollar, Elsie Allen as well as photocopies of Kashaya and Southern Pomo genealogical and census records and other documents and material related to Pomoan languages, ethnography, and history. Research notes and photocopies of materials on methods for historical linguistics and several other linguistic topics are also contained in the Papers. Drafts of manuscripts and conference handouts created during Dr. Oswalt's career, including incomplete drafts of his Kashaya dictionary, are also included in the collection.
Repository: Survey of California and Other Indian Languages
Preferred citation: Elsie Allen, Elizabeth Dollar, Edna Guerrero, Achora Hanyava, Annie Lake, Milton "Bun" Lucas, Oscar McDaniel, Sharky Moore, Essie Parrish, Bernice Scott Torrez, Clara Williams, and Robert L. Oswalt. Robert Louis Oswalt Papers on Pomoan Languages, Oswalt, Survey of California and Other Indian Languages, University of California, Berkeley, http://dx.doi.org/doi:10.7297/X2C24TDG.
Associated materials: Audio recordings associated with the Papers are in the Berkeley Language Center, Berkeley, California (LA 98).
Scope and content: Linguistic field recordings: songs/chants
Repository: Phoebe A. Hearst Museum of Anthropology
Preferred citation: Robert L. Oswalt. The Robert L. Oswalt collection of Kashaya Pomo sound recordings, PHM 55, Phoebe A. Hearst Museum of Anthropology, University of California, Berkeley, http://cla.berkeley.edu/collection/11055.
Scope and content: Linguistic field recordings: linguistic data; stories; ethnographic data; songs; Additional ethnographic or ethnohistorical texts, conversations, reminiscences, untitled texts. Some in English.; Digitization supported by NEH Preservation/Access Grant
Repository: Berkeley Language Center
Preferred citation: Herman James, Essie Parrish, and Robert L. Oswalt. The Robert Oswalt collection of Pomo sound recordings, LA 98, Survey of California and Other Indian Languages, University of California, Berkeley, http://cla.berkeley.edu/collection/10027.
Collection number: 2014-21
Relations to this collection:Jacobsen replaced by this Collection; 2018-32 derives from this Collection
Catalog history: The Materials replace SCL Jacobsen, the "William H. Jacobsen Papers on Indigenous Languages of North America"
Historical information: William H. Jacobsen (1931-2014) was born on November 15, 1931 in San Diego, CA to Cmdr. William H. Jacobsen, USN ret., and Julie Froatz Jacobsen. He graduated from Point Loma High School, San Diego, in 1949, and went on to graduate from Harvard University in 1953. Jacobsen then pursued graduate studies at the University of California, Berkeley where he engaged in fieldwork on Salinan and Washo under the auspices of the Survey of California and Other Indian Languages. While at UC Berkeley, he also worked on an early machine language translation project. He received his Doctoral Degree from UC Berkeley in 1964 with a thesis entitled “A Grammar of the Washo Language”, supervised by Mary Haas, which endures as the most complete grammar of Washo published to date. He also worked as an assistant professor of anthropology (1961-1962) and linguistics (1962-1964) at the University of Washington, spending many of his summers in Neah Bay, WA, working with Makah elders to record their language. Most of Jacobsen’s academic career was spent as a professor of linguistics at the University of Nevada, Reno where he taught for thirty years (1965-1994). Throughout his academic career Jacobsen was a prolific and versatile scholar, devising writing systems, creating materials for teaching tribal members Washo and Makah, and publishing many papers on linguistic topics. Jacobsen was an active contributor within the Americanist linguistic community not only through his research, which touched upon a diverse array of languages from Hokan to Wakashan and beyond, but also through steady correspondence and collaboration with colleagues and students. In addition to his work on indigenous languages of North America, Jacobsen was well-known for his extensive work on Basque, which he engaged in through his involvement in the Center for Basque Studies at UNR. Altogether, Jacobsen was familiar with all the main Romance languages and Sanskrit in addition to being a specialist in Washo, Makah, Salinan, Nez Perce, Nootkan, and Basque. He served as president of the Society for the Study of Indigenous Languages of the Americas, received the Outstanding Researcher Award from the University of Nevada, and received the Nevada Humanities Award. Jacobsen officially retired from UNR in 1994 but continued to engage with the linguistics community as an emeritus professor. Jacobsen passed away on August 18, 2014 in Reno, NV, at age 82.
Scope and content: These materials document the linguistic work of William H. Jacobsen on various indigenous languages of North America, especially Washo, Makah, and Salinan, as well as on other languages and linguistic topics Jacobsen came into contact with throughout his academic career. The collection includes Jacobsen’s original field notebooks from work on Washo, Makah, and Salinan, as well as smaller aggregates of field notes on Diegueño, Northern Paiute, Kwak’wala, and Cowichan. In addition to original field notes, the collection includes derived research notes; many of these derived materials were organized by Jacobsen into separate folders by topic, and have been catalogued as they were found in order to reflect Jacobsen’s own organization. These research notes encompass work on Washo, Makah and other Southern Wakashan languages, Salinan, Yana and other Hokan languages, other Californian languages, and other topics related to general linguistic theory. A set of finished or near-finished manuscripts and handouts is also included, in many cases constituting completed work derived from Jacobsen’s research notes. Also included are transcriptions of texts and conversations in Washo and Makah, notes from collaborative work with Grace Dangberg on Washo texts, and materials Jacobsen developed in order to teach both Washo and Makah. Original file slips from Jacobsen’s work in organizing lexical material from Washo, Makah, Salinan, comparative Wakashan and Hokan, and Tagalog are also included. In addition to materials from Jacobsen’s original fieldwork and research, the collection includes a wealth of materials that Jacobsen obtained from other researchers. These obtained materials include an extensive collection of original Washo field notebooks originally belonging to Grace Dangberg, Gordon Marsh, Walter Dyk, Phillip Barker and William Shipley, and Brooke Mordy. In addition, the collection includes file slips and derived field notes from various sources. On Washo, these materials include Gordon Marsh’s file slips, research notes from Grace Dangberg and Walter Dyk, and photocopies of various vocabulary lists obtained from the Smithsonian Institution; on Wakashan, this includes a set of file slips from an unknown source; and on Yana, this includes a variety of research notes and a box of file slips obtained from Bruce Nevin, along with various photocopied materials on Yana obtained from museums. Other obtained materials include derived work on Washo texts by Brooke Mordy and on Yahi by T. T. Waterman, a collection of rare, unpublished, or difficult to obtain manuscripts concerning various North American indigenous languages, and published curricular materials on Washo and Makah. Various materials related to Jacobsen’s academic, scholarly, and teaching activities are catalogued as a separate series in the collection, in addition to being scattered throughout Jacobsen’s research notes. Finally, the collection includes a set of sound recordings that were discovered in Jacobsen’s possession but are not otherwise catalogued in earlier CLA collections. These recordings include recordings of Washo, Makah, Bella Coola, Ibo, Abaza, and at least one other unidentified language; some of the recordings were made by Jacobsen with various identified consultants, while others were obtained from colleagues including Brooke Mordy, Laura Fillmore, and Warren d’Azevedo, among possible others.
Repository: Survey of California and Other Indian Languages
Preferred citation: William H. Jacobsen. William H. Jacobsen Materials on Indigenous Languages of North America, 2014-21, Survey of California and Other Indian Languages, University of California, Berkeley, http://dx.doi.org/doi:10.7297/X2028PGT.
Associated materials: Audio recordings associated with the Materials can be accessed online through the California Language Archive. In particular, audio recordings are located in The William H. Jacobsen, Jr. collection of Antoniaño Salinan sound recordings (LA 69), The William H. Jacobsen, Jr. collection of Washo sound recordings (LA 53), and the William H. Jacobsen, Jr. collection of Makah sound recordings (LA 52).
Repository: Survey of California and Other Indian Languages
Preferred citation: *Who, what, when, where, why, how, and *?, Oswalt.003.098, in "Robert Louis Oswalt Papers on Pomoan Languages", Survey of California and Other Indian Languages, University of California, Berkeley, http://cla.berkeley.edu/item/2266.
Repository: Survey of California and Other Indian Languages
Preferred citation: A Kashaya grammar (Southwestern Pomo), Oswalt.004.012, in "Robert Louis Oswalt Papers on Pomoan Languages", Survey of California and Other Indian Languages, University of California, Berkeley, http://cla.berkeley.edu/item/2310.
Repository: Survey of California and Other Indian Languages
Preferred citation: A Kashaya grammar (Southwestern Pomo), Oswalt.004.013, in "Robert Louis Oswalt Papers on Pomoan Languages", Survey of California and Other Indian Languages, University of California, Berkeley, http://cla.berkeley.edu/item/2311.
Repository: Survey of California and Other Indian Languages
Preferred citation: A Kashaya grammar (Southwestern Pomo), Oswalt.004.014, in "Robert Louis Oswalt Papers on Pomoan Languages", Survey of California and Other Indian Languages, University of California, Berkeley, http://cla.berkeley.edu/item/2312.
Repository: Survey of California and Other Indian Languages
Preferred citation: A Kashaya vocabulary, Oswalt.004.043, in "Robert Louis Oswalt Papers on Pomoan Languages", Survey of California and Other Indian Languages, University of California, Berkeley, http://cla.berkeley.edu/item/2341.
Repository: Survey of California and Other Indian Languages
Preferred citation: A Kashaya vocabulary, Oswalt.004.044, in "Robert Louis Oswalt Papers on Pomoan Languages", Survey of California and Other Indian Languages, University of California, Berkeley, http://cla.berkeley.edu/item/2342.
Description: Photocopy of final version of Working Paper No. 32, Kashaya Pomo Language in Culture Project, Department of Anthropology, California State College, Sonoma. Also included is an additional version along with a photocopy of that version.
Repository: Survey of California and Other Indian Languages
Preferred citation: A Kashaya vocabulary, Oswalt.004.045, in "Robert Louis Oswalt Papers on Pomoan Languages", Survey of California and Other Indian Languages, University of California, Berkeley, http://cla.berkeley.edu/item/2343.
Repository: Survey of California and Other Indian Languages
Preferred citation: A Two-Dimensional Classification of Athapaskan", 2014-21.004.038, in "William H. Jacobsen Materials on Indigenous Languages of North America", Survey of California and Other Indian Languages, University of California, Berkeley, http://cla.berkeley.edu/item/23164.
Repository: Survey of California and Other Indian Languages
Preferred citation: A Yuki vocabulary, Oswalt.003.054, in "Robert Louis Oswalt Papers on Pomoan Languages", Survey of California and Other Indian Languages, University of California, Berkeley, http://cla.berkeley.edu/item/2222.
Description: Photocopy of typed manuscript by McLendon, with photocopies of vocabulary-related portions of McLendon's "A Grammar of Eastern Pomo" with some annotations by Oswalt.
Repository: Survey of California and Other Indian Languages
Preferred citation: A brief word list of Eastern Pomo, Oswalt.003.041, in "Robert Louis Oswalt Papers on Pomoan Languages", Survey of California and Other Indian Languages, University of California, Berkeley, http://cla.berkeley.edu/item/2209.
Repository: Survey of California and Other Indian Languages
Preferred citation: A comparative study of Southwestern Pomo and Central Pomo, Oswalt.004.002, in "Robert Louis Oswalt Papers on Pomoan Languages", Survey of California and Other Indian Languages, University of California, Berkeley, http://cla.berkeley.edu/item/2300.
Repository: Survey of California and Other Indian Languages
Preferred citation: A comparative study of two Pomo languages, Oswalt.004.021, in "Robert Louis Oswalt Papers on Pomoan Languages", Survey of California and Other Indian Languages, University of California, Berkeley, http://cla.berkeley.edu/item/2319.
Repository: Survey of California and Other Indian Languages
Preferred citation: A computer program for determining remote linguistic relationships, Oswalt.004.020, in "Robert Louis Oswalt Papers on Pomoan Languages", Survey of California and Other Indian Languages, University of California, Berkeley, http://cla.berkeley.edu/item/2318.
Repository: Survey of California and Other Indian Languages
Preferred citation: A dualism in Pomo cosmology, Oswalt.003.105, in "Robert Louis Oswalt Papers on Pomoan Languages", Survey of California and Other Indian Languages, University of California, Berkeley, http://cla.berkeley.edu/item/2273.
Preferred citation: A man becomes a tree, LA 98.050, in "The Robert Oswalt collection of Pomo sound recordings", Survey of California and Other Indian Languages, University of California, Berkeley, http://cla.berkeley.edu/item/15046.
Preferred citation: A man turns into a deer, LA 98.067, in "The Robert Oswalt collection of Pomo sound recordings", Survey of California and Other Indian Languages, University of California, Berkeley, http://cla.berkeley.edu/item/15063.
Repository: Survey of California and Other Indian Languages
Preferred citation: A method for assessing dstant linguistic relationships, Oswalt.004.086, in "Robert Louis Oswalt Papers on Pomoan Languages", Survey of California and Other Indian Languages, University of California, Berkeley, http://cla.berkeley.edu/item/2384.
Repository: Survey of California and Other Indian Languages
Preferred citation: A preliminary phonology of Southwestern Pomo, Oswalt.004.003, in "Robert Louis Oswalt Papers on Pomoan Languages", Survey of California and Other Indian Languages, University of California, Berkeley, http://cla.berkeley.edu/item/2301.
Repository: Survey of California and Other Indian Languages
Preferred citation: A preliminary phonology of Southwestern Pomo, Oswalt.004.004, in "Robert Louis Oswalt Papers on Pomoan Languages", Survey of California and Other Indian Languages, University of California, Berkeley, http://cla.berkeley.edu/item/2302.
Repository: Survey of California and Other Indian Languages
Preferred citation: A preliminary statement of the consonant and vowel correspondences among the Pomo languages, Oswalt.003.095, in "Robert Louis Oswalt Papers on Pomoan Languages", Survey of California and Other Indian Languages, University of California, Berkeley, http://cla.berkeley.edu/item/2263.
Repository: Survey of California and Other Indian Languages
Preferred citation: A probabilistic evaluation of North Eurasiatic Nostratic, Oswalt.004.100, in "Robert Louis Oswalt Papers on Pomoan Languages", Survey of California and Other Indian Languages, University of California, Berkeley, http://cla.berkeley.edu/item/2398.
Repository: Survey of California and Other Indian Languages
Preferred citation: A probabilistic evaluation of North Eurasiatic Nostratic, Oswalt.004.101, in "Robert Louis Oswalt Papers on Pomoan Languages", Survey of California and Other Indian Languages, University of California, Berkeley, http://cla.berkeley.edu/item/2399.
Repository: Survey of California and Other Indian Languages
Preferred citation: A probabilistic evaluation of similarities among very dissimilar languages, Oswalt.004.093, in "Robert Louis Oswalt Papers on Pomoan Languages", Survey of California and Other Indian Languages, University of California, Berkeley, http://cla.berkeley.edu/item/2391.
Repository: Survey of California and Other Indian Languages
Preferred citation: A probabilistic evaluation of similarities among very dissimilar languages: the case of Nostratic, Oswalt.004.096, in "Robert Louis Oswalt Papers on Pomoan Languages", Survey of California and Other Indian Languages, University of California, Berkeley, http://cla.berkeley.edu/item/2394.
Repository: Survey of California and Other Indian Languages
Preferred citation: A statistical procedure for evaluating similarities among very divergent languages, Oswalt.004.078, in "Robert Louis Oswalt Papers on Pomoan Languages", Survey of California and Other Indian Languages, University of California, Berkeley, http://cla.berkeley.edu/item/2376.
We acknowledge with respect the Ohlone people on whose traditional, ancestral, and unceded land we work and whose historical relationships with that land continue to this day.